Awareness About HEART ATTACK-A stroke is a medical Emergency

AWARENESS ABOUT HEART ATTACK - A STROKE IS A MEDICAL EMERGENCY

A stroke is a medical emergency that can cause permanent neurological damage, complications, and death. Due to the fatal affects of this disease it is vital to spread awareness regarding it.

To understand stroke, we first need to understand a bit about ourbody, more importantly, brain and its requirements. The human body is a complex machine, with almost perfect performance, and the key to it lies in the brain. It is the control center of the body. There are a million processes going in it, every second.

Every single function depends on it. And just like the main controller of any machine, it needs a constant, unimpaired, adequate amount of input or energy. And hindrance to this energy, leads to either an impairment of function or a complete stop. In case of the human body, this energy is given to the brain by blood and anything that causes a break or leakage of this blood to the brain, leads to the deadly condition called 'brain attack' or more appropriately, stroke.

A stroke is a medical emergency. It happens when blood flows to the brain stops. Since it is one of the most vital organs of the body, and needs a constant supply of oxygen the brain cells begin to die within minutes due to lack of blood supply (which carries oxygen to the brain). The results are usually devastating and permanent brain damage may be caused.

Although stroke is a disease of the brain, it can affect the entire body. Some of the disabilities that can result from a stroke include paralysis, speech problems, emotional difficulties, daily living problems, and pain. More than anything else it is important to identify the stroke, determine what causes it, and how one can prevent and treat it.

DIAGNOSIS:

An easy way to identify a person going through a stroke is "FAST". Each of the first three letters indicates a symptom of stroke. "F" is for face, you can ask the person to smile, and it will be crooked.

"A" is for arms, ask the person to lift both of his or her arms in the air, if he or she has difficulty with one arm this too might be a stroke.

"S" is for speech, ask the person to speak. If his or her words are slurred or they are unable to speak, they might be having a stroke.

"T" is simply for time. If any of the above symptoms are present, it is very important, that you quickly get the person to the hospital. Any minute's delay can result in paralysis or even death. It usually occurs in older people, above 55 and is rarely found in young people.

CAUSES OF A STROKE:

• High blood pressure. It is present in more than seventy percent of stroke cases.
• High cholesterol plays a major role.
• Smoking.
• Obesity.
• Diabetes
• An abnormal heart rhythm.
• Narrowing of the carotid arteries
• Heavy alcohol and cocaine usage is also associated with it

TREATMENT AND PREVENTION:

• The primary goal in treating stroke is to restore blood flow to the brain. Use blood thinners such as an aspirin within hours of the stroke.
• Surgical procedures that can open up or widen arteries may be performed if stroke is caused by blockade.
• Stroke is a preventable disease and a reduction of blood pressure will reduce the risk of stroke by forty percent or more.
• Control of cholesterol.
• Control on smoking.
• Diabetics need to take extra caution of their diet.

Incidence of stroke in PAKISTAN is more than two hundred per one LAKH. This means that there are three and a half million new stroke patients every year. Despite being a major public health problem, stroke has been ignored by the health care authorities.

More reliable data is needed to establish the precise burden of stroke in PAKISTAN. However, it is a known fct that stroke is the most common reason for getting admitted to a neurology ward. It is also known that high blood pressure, the major risk factor for stroke, is very common in PAKISTAN. A national health survey revealed that more than thirty percent population above the age of 45 is suffering from high blood pressure, most of whom are diagnostics and uncontrolled.

Precaution needs to be taken and the government should not only launch campaigns to increase the knowledge of people regarding stroke, but also take a strong initiative focusing on the preventive measures.

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