About the communication process

                                ABOUT THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS

THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS

Today, communication enters our daily lives in so many different ways that it is very easy to overlook the multitude of its facets. The telephones at our hands, the radios and televisions in our living rooms, the computer terminals in our offices and homes, and our newspapers are all capable of providing rapid communications from every corner of the globe. Communication provides the senses for ships on the high seas, aircraft in flight, and rockets and satellites in space. Communication through a cordless telephone keeps a car driver in touch with the office or home miles away. Communication keeps a weather forecaster informed of conditions measured by a multitude of sensors. Indeed, the list of applications involving the use of communication in one way or another is almost endless.

In the most fundamental sense, communication involves implicitly the transmission of information from one point o another through a succession of processes, as described here:

·     The generation of a thought pattern or image in the mind of an originator.

·     The description of that image, with a certain measure of precision, by a set of aural or visual symbols.

·     The encoding of these symbols in a form that is suitable for transmission over a physical medium of interest.

·     The transmission of the encoded symbols to the desired destination.

·     The decoding and reproduction of the original symbols.

·     The recreation of the original thought pattern or image, with a definable degradation in quality, in the mind of a recipient; the degradation is caused by imperfections in the system.

There are, of course, many other forms of communication that do not directly involve the human mind in real time. For example, in computer communications involving communication between two or more computers, human decisions may enter only in setting up the programs or commands for the computer, or in monitoring the results.

Irrespective of the form of communication process being considered, there are three basic elements to every communication system, namely, transmitter, channel, and receiver. The transmitter is located at one point in space, the receiver is located at some other point separate from the transmitter, and the channel is the physical medium that connects them together. The purpose of the transmitter is to transform the message signal produced by the source of information into a form suitable for transmission over the channel. However, as the transmitted signal propagates along the channel, it is distorted due to channel imperfections. Moreover, noise and interfeting signals (originating from other sources) are added to the channel output, with the result that the received signal is a corrupted version of the transmitted signal. The receiver has the task of operating on the received signal so as to reconstruct a recognizable form of the original message signal and to deliver it to the user destination. The signal processing role of the receiver is thus the reverse of that of the transmitter.

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